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Vaira VikeFreiberga President of Latvia also jumped into the race

The 61st General Assembly of the United Nations, which opens today, will be largely dominated by the nuclear crisis with the Iran, the impact of war on the Lebanon and the search for a successor to Kofi Annan, whose term of Office of Secretary-General ends at the end of the year. Many hope that unanimously found in the Security Council on the adoption of resolution 1701 on the Lebanon will enable the Organization "a new breath" after its "resounding failure" to prevent the wars in the former Yugoslavia or in 2003 for the Iraq yet, said a diplomat. The new peacekeeping operation reinforced peace with the Interim Force (UNIFIL) Lebanon UN helps Europeans to re-employ. This is particularly true for the French, who had reduced their contribution of troops to the peacekeepers over the past years.

More than three years after their violent controversy on the Iraq triggered by the United States without UN mandate, war Presidents George w. Bush and Jacques Chirac, who will meet today in head to head before the opening of the general debate, found themselves finally side by side on the issue of the Lebanon. The nuclear ambitions of the Iran, the Americans have also left the European attempt to resolve the crisis with Tehran and widely preferred a diplomatic solution rather than a military solution.

Before the General Assembly, the President warned against any attempt by Tehran to continue to save time, while European countries British, French and German were examining the possibility of holding a meeting in New York with Iranian representatives without the Americans. Because George w. Bush excludes him, any meeting in New York with his Iranian counterpart.

A favorite South Korean

Another part must also be play: that of a resumption of dialogue between Israelis and Palestinians. At the end of August, President Chirac had called "at a meeting of the Quartet", formed by the European Union, the United Nations, the United States and the Russia. But, as stated in a French diplomat, still conditions to fulfil, as the release of the Israeli soldier abducted in Gaza or the lifting of the Israeli blockade of the Gaza Strip. After Jacques Chirac today, George w. Bush could meet, tomorrow, the President of the Palestinian Authority, Mahmoud Abbas. State Department had described the last week, "glimmer of hope" the formation of a Government of national unity between the Mahmoud Abbas of Fatah and Hamas.

But, beyond the crises, it is the succession at the head of the United Nations of Ghanaian diplomat Kofi Annan who will be at the centre of discussions. At the end of two white to the Security Council votes, which will have to propose to the 192 members of the General Assembly a candidate, the best two months before the end of the mandate, on 31 December, the South Korean Ban Ki-moon, Foreign Affairs Minister remained in head in four other candidates to the UN Asian Group, Sri Lankan Jayantha Dhanapala, the Thais Surakiart Sathirathaithe Indian Shashi Tharoor, the Jordanian Zeid Raad Zeid al-Hussein. Vaira Vike-Freiberga, President of Latvia, also jumped into the race. Although it is likely that the next Secretary-General will be a country in Asia, a continent which did not have this function since U Thant, thirty-five years ago.